OCCURRENCE OF THE PATHOGEN BATRACHOCHYTRIUM DENDROBATIDIS IN RELATIVELY UNDISTURBED RAINFOREST AREAS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THE LOCAL AMPHIBIAN FAUNA.
Student: Danielle Scarmozza and Loretta Verma
Mentor: Professor Twan Leenders
Major: Biology
This study looks at the occurrence of the pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) in a relatively undisturbed rainforest area bordering a National Park in Costa Rica. Bd is a proven contributor in the worldwide decline of amphibians. Local amphibian populations in Rara Avis were first exposed to Bd in 1990 when this fungus spread throughout northern Costa Rica. Widespread infection of Bd, causing the disease chytridiomycosis, resulted in the rapid decline of populations of most local amphibians and the disappearance of others. Adult amphibians from Rara Avis were analyzed for the presence of Bd using PCR assays. Mouthpart morphology of tadpole samples from 42 different watercourses in Rara Avis was also screened for the presence of Bd . Results depict the presence of the pathogen Bd remaining in Rara Avis amphibian populations 17 years after initial infection. The distribution, size, and diversity of the surviving amphibian populations indicate the existence of alternative survival mechanisms. However, they also show a rapid selection towards those with higher resistance to the expense of other species and general diversity. Further study into the environmental circumstances allowing the persisting micropopulations of vulnerable species to survive will aid conservation efforts on their behalf.
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